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Study on the influence of plasma activated water on seed germination
Vozár, Tomáš ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with study on the influence of plasma activated water on wheat seed germination. After interaction with the plasma, the water changes its composition and obtain new properties that are useful in agriculture. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part of the theory is dealing with basic knowledge about plasma, its properties, and possibilities of plasma generation in laboratory conditions. In the second part, the work deals with plasma activated water – PAW. The preparation of plasma activated water is described in details as well as its physical-chemical properties and composition with respect to the PAW possible applications. The aim of the experimental part of this work was to prepare plasma activated water in three different plasma systems and apply it on wheat seeds. These three ways of activation used direct and indirect interaction of plasma with water surface. After the seeds were germinated, the influence of plasma activated water on seed germination and quality of crops was observed and compared to control samples. The influence of different ways of water activation was also evaluated. Results show positive effects of plasma activated water on the seed germination and it also increased the quality of crops. Next steps in this research should be the transfer of this experiment from the laboratory scale on the Petri dish to the pot experiments in soil.
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Impact of the type of storage on seed germination of endangered sharp leaved pondweed (Potamogeton acutifolius) and common curled pondweed (Potamogeton crispus)
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Radana
This work mainly focuses on the issue of seed germination, restoration of turion growth, and their preservation in two Potamogeton species. Particularly speaking about, receding in Czech flora Potamogeton acutifolius (sharp-leaved pondweed) and, in many parts of the word invasive, Potamogeton crispus (curly-leaf pondweed). The introductory chapters contain descriptions of these two species, the germination and turion growth issue of some other temperate zone aquatic plants and turion characteristics. Then the study deals with the experiment itself, including progress of work and the description of individual tests, the results of which are statistically evaluated. Finally, conclusions are drawn from the obtained data.
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Klíčivost semen, metody stanovení a její ovlivnění faktory prostředí
KRAUS, Jindřich
We compared germination rate and germination dynamics of species under different seed stratification treatments (dry, wet, temperature variation). The experiment was performed in laboratory conditions using seeds of ten species from commercial sales. The home site advantage was tested in a field experiment assessing seed germination of three species from four localities differing in moisture and seeds from commercial sales. We analysed the data using generalized linear models.
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Study on the influence of plasma activated water on seed germination
Vozár, Tomáš ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with study on the influence of plasma activated water on wheat seed germination. After interaction with the plasma, the water changes its composition and obtain new properties that are useful in agriculture. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part of the theory is dealing with basic knowledge about plasma, its properties, and possibilities of plasma generation in laboratory conditions. In the second part, the work deals with plasma activated water – PAW. The preparation of plasma activated water is described in details as well as its physical-chemical properties and composition with respect to the PAW possible applications. The aim of the experimental part of this work was to prepare plasma activated water in three different plasma systems and apply it on wheat seeds. These three ways of activation used direct and indirect interaction of plasma with water surface. After the seeds were germinated, the influence of plasma activated water on seed germination and quality of crops was observed and compared to control samples. The influence of different ways of water activation was also evaluated. Results show positive effects of plasma activated water on the seed germination and it also increased the quality of crops. Next steps in this research should be the transfer of this experiment from the laboratory scale on the Petri dish to the pot experiments in soil.
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Root system development in the early phases of plant ontogeny
Mašková, Tereza ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Šmilauer, Petr (referee)
Root system development in the early phases of plant ontogeny Seed germination and subsequential developement of the root system is a critical stage of life of a newly rising plant. The plant must recognise and suitably and quickly find an answer to the environmental conditions in which it finds itself. However, the way in which the root system develops and its final architecture depends not only on the environmental conditions but also on the plant itself. In addition, responses to different conditions may vary among different plant species. This work examines the developement of a root system in the first four weeks of a plant's life. It observes the dependence on the amount of available nutrients in the substrate and on the amount of available nutrients the seed is given by the mother plant. It also briefly touches on the relations between seed germination, seed size and the amount of available nutrients. No differences relating to the amount of available nutrients were found in seed germination. However, differences in germination speeds were found between plant species. Plant biomass increases with the increasing amount of available nutrients in the substrate. This increase is relatively greater for plant species with a small seed size. Plant species with a big seed size invest relatively more...
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Interactions of initially mycoheterotrophic plants with environment
Figura, Tomáš ; Ponert, Jan (advisor) ; Kolařík, Miroslav (referee) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Initially mycoheterotrophic plants have recently been declining in the wild, even without apparent causes. They are affected by a number of biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of this work is to investigate how selected factors, such as nitrate or symbiotic fungi, may influence their distribution in nature. In particular, the work applies in vitro experiments, molecular determination of fungal symbionts and stable isotope analyses. It describes both the effects of abiotic factor, specifically nitrate, and biotic interactions of initially mycoheterotrophic plants with fungal symbionts. The inhibition of germination by extremely low concentrations of nitrate in asymbiotic in vitro cultures was observed in several orchid species. The degree of sensitivity of each species to nitrate corresponds with the nitrate content of the soil and the nutrient availability requirements of the species according to Ellenberg indicator values. The inhibitory effect of nitrate on orchid germination was also observed in symbiotic in vitro cultures. Out of five tested fungal strains, only one Ceratobasidium was capable of eliminating the inhibitory effect of nitrate. Furthermore, the work reveals that green mixotrophic orchids use photosynthates to nourish the aboveground parts, whereas the belowground parts are...
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Natural regeneration of Norway spruce in mountain forests and at disturbed plots
Urbanová, Renáta ; Hadincová, Věroslava (advisor) ; Brůna, Josef (referee)
The natural regeneration of Picea abies in undisturbed mountain spruce forests as well as in disturbed areas formed by windstorms and overgrowth of bark beetles, especially spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus), takes place primarily through seed germination from a transitional soil seed bank. The quality of the soil seed bank depends on the amount of seeds available, which varies significantly throughout years, and on environment conditions. Interannual changes in the amount of seeds produced are caused by the irregular occurrence of seed years, which reflects weather changes in the context of ongoing climate change. Increased average air temperature and unevenly distributed rainfalls throughout the year have a positive effect on the spruce phenology, seed abundance and quality and results in increasing frequency of seed years. The large amount of seeds during seed years induces increased abundance of granivores for which the seeds are the source of nutrients and environment for their development. Seed predators of invertebrates and, small vertebrates groups and fungal pathogens significantly reduce the proportion of seeds needed for spruce natural regeneration. This bachelor thesis summarizes up to now knowledge explaining mechanisms and interactions associated with the soil seed bank of Picea...
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Use of seed germination test in the inquiry-based science education at primary and lower secondary schools
LANDOVÁ, Tereza
This diploma thesis discusses the possibilities of diversifying the teaching on the issue of germination in the form of worksheets as well as possibility of using germination tests in the inquiry-based teaching of biology at elementary schools and lower secondary schools. The readers are introduced into the general issues regarding seed development, construction and germination. It then deals with iquiry-based teaching, which is one of the most used methods in biology education in recent years. Worksheets created for this purpose are therefore validated through teaching practice and subsequently processed and evaluated. The paper discusses whether germination is a suitable biological material for inquiry-based teaching and also whether these worksheets can be recommended as a didactic teaching material for the development of skills and theoretical knowledge of germination.
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Root system development in the early phases of plant ontogeny
Mašková, Tereza ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Šmilauer, Petr (referee)
Root system development in the early phases of plant ontogeny Seed germination and subsequential developement of the root system is a critical stage of life of a newly rising plant. The plant must recognise and suitably and quickly find an answer to the environmental conditions in which it finds itself. However, the way in which the root system develops and its final architecture depends not only on the environmental conditions but also on the plant itself. In addition, responses to different conditions may vary among different plant species. This work examines the developement of a root system in the first four weeks of a plant's life. It observes the dependence on the amount of available nutrients in the substrate and on the amount of available nutrients the seed is given by the mother plant. It also briefly touches on the relations between seed germination, seed size and the amount of available nutrients. No differences relating to the amount of available nutrients were found in seed germination. However, differences in germination speeds were found between plant species. Plant biomass increases with the increasing amount of available nutrients in the substrate. This increase is relatively greater for plant species with a small seed size. Plant species with a big seed size invest relatively more...
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